Provide differentials

https://www.auntminnieeurope.com/clinical-news/mri/article/15710543/rome-radiologists-face-prospect-of-legal-action
Three senior radiologists and a cardiologist in Rome are likely to have to stand trial for the care they gave to the well-known investigative journalist Andrea Purgatori, according to reports in the Italian media, according to Auntminnie! They gave a clear diagnosis of brain metastases and failed to mention the possibility of 'ischemic lesions'. 

Whatever the outcome of the trail, there is a big lesson for the radiologists:

  • Never ever give a 'one clear' diagnosis, unless the findings are pathognomonic. There are few pathognomonic findings on imaging, but outside those pathognomonic findings, never ever give THE diagnosis.
  • Always think about the differentials, however senior radiologist you are and how many cases you have seen.
  • List the differentials in order based on the age, available clinical information (whatever little) and available ALL previous imaging studies.
  • In case of doubt, pick up the phone and discuss with the team before verifying the report.
  • In case of doubt, open the clinical notes (if available electronically) and check the clinical notes and lab values.
  • When you provide differentials in order, give your reasoning and the ways to reduce the differentials (such as post-contrast MRI, correlation with serial CRP etc).